Hepatitis A is spread through the ingestion of contaminated food and water, or through close contact with a patient with hepatitis A.
Who should get the Hepatitis A Vaccine?
The Hepatitis A vaccination is recommended for individuals at high risk of infection, or who may have severe complications from infection:
Travellers to countries where Hepatitis A is widespread
Patients with disorders affecting blood clotting such as haemophilia
Patients with liver disease
Men who have sexual encounters with other men
Individuals who use recreational drugs
Individuals who are immunocompromised
Hepatitis B
Hepatitis B is a major cause of chronic liver disease, and is endemic in Singapore. It spreads through the blood of an infected person, via sexual intercourse, or from mother to child during birth.
Who should get the Hepatitis B Vaccine?
All children should receive the Hepatitis B vaccines as part of the National Childhood Immunization Schedule (NCIS)
All adults 18 years or older should receive the vaccine if:
They have not been infected with Hepatitis B before
They have not been previously vaccinated
They are not immune to Hepatitis B
How are the vaccines given?
The hepatitis vaccinations are given as injections into the arm
Hepatitis A vaccine
2 doses are administered 6 to 12 months apart
Hepatitis B vaccine
3 doses are administered over 6 months
Hepatitis A/B combination vaccine
3 doses are administered over 6 months
What are the common side effects of the vaccine?
Pain or swelling over the injection site
Fever, body aches, tiredness
Stomach discomfort, loss of appetite, nausea, diarrhea
Severe allergic reactions: rashes, eye swelling, lip swelling or difficulty breathing